Haseeb Ullah

 15 confirm MCQS from the following ( Tutor physcology says) all topics covered 56 MCQs. MCQs Topics: ·          Multiple Sclerosis (571) ·          Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (572) ·          Graves' Disease ·          Inflammatory Bowel Disease (572) ·          IgA Nephropathy (572-573) ·          Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (573) ·          Reactive Arthritis (572) ·          Rheumatoid Arthritis (573) ·          Rheumatic Fever (573)          Multiple sclerosis:   1. Which cells are primarily responsible for the demyelination in multiple sclerosis?     A. B cells and neutrophils     B. Autoreactive T cells and activated macrophages     C. Natural killer cells and dendritic cells     D. Basophils and eosinophils   2. What is thought to be the trigger that stimulates the autoreactive T cells in multiple sclerosis?     A. Bacterial infection     B. Viral infection     C. Fungal infection     D. Parasitic infection   3. Which

  Tolerance Tolerance in the immune system refers to a state where the immune system does not respond to specific antigens (or epitopes) even though it functions normally otherwise. This means that the immune system ignores certain substances as if they were not harmful. Typically, antigens that are present during embryonic development are identified as "self" and do not trigger an immune response. This is because self-reactive T-cell precursors are eliminated in the thymus during fetal development. Antigens encountered later, after the immune system has matured, are considered "NonSelf" and usually provoke an immune response. Although both T cells and B cells are involved in tolerance, T-cell tolerance is more crucial.   T Cell Tolerance Tell tolerance mainly occurs in the thymus during fetal development. This process, known as clonal deletion, involves the destruction of T cells that react against self-antigens (mainly self-major histocompatibility complex [