Haseeb Ullah

  Trichomoniasis Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by Trichomonas vaginalis . When Trichomonas vaginalis enters the body through the vagina, it begins to damage the epithelial cells upon contact. As a result, the parasite releases cytotoxic chemicals, which increase the pH of the vagina. Mode of Transmission       Present in vaginal fluids of females/prostatic fluids of males      Transmitted through sexual intercourse Symptoms            Mostly asymptomatic           Unusual secretion from the vagina           Lower abdomen pain           Painful urination           Vaginal discharge           Abnormal vaginal odor           Vaginal bleeding           Vaginal itching           Onset: 4-28 days           70% are asymptomatic Diagnosis           Urine for culture and sensitivity           Vaginal discharge for culture and sensitivity           Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (NAAT), PCR Prevention           Avoiding sex s

  Amoebiasis is a disease caused by Entamoeba histolytica , leading to ulcers in the large intestine. Mode of Transmission: The disease spreads through the fecal-oral route , primarily via contaminated water, food, flies , or through contact with contaminated hands. Life Cycle: Entamoeba cysts are present in the environment and then enter the body through ingestion. 1. Cysts undergo nuclear duplication. 2. The nucleus quadruplicates . 3. Multiplication begins through division. 4. The fourth stage involves the transformation into trophozoites . 5. Trophozoites undergo binary division . 6. The pre-cyst stage precedes cyst formation . Symptoms: Symptoms typically manifest 1-4 weeks after infection, including: ·          Diarrhea ·          Presence of blood in stool ·          Abdominal cramps and pain Diagnosis: - Trophozoites observed in a Stool Examination . - Cysts are identifiable in Sting Test of Stool . Treatment: Common treatments inc